Lesson: Part-time Pacifism

Japan, traditionally known for its pacifist post-war constitution, is undergoing a significant shift in its defence policy. For decades, Japan’s arms sales were taboo as it maintained strict arms export restrictions, reflecting its commitment to pacifism and regional stability. However, in recent years, Tokyo has begun to relax these rules, signalling a willingness to participate more actively in the global defence industry. This change is driven by growing security concerns in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly due to North Korea’s missile program and China’s military expansion. As a result, Japan is now exploring opportunities to sell weapons and advanced military hardware to its allies, including countries in Southeast Asia, and even jointly developing a next-generation stealth fighter jet with European countries. These moves mark a notable departure from Japan’s historical stance. Is this a pragmatic approach that prioritizes national security and alliance cooperation? While the shift remains controversial domestically, it reflects Japan’s adaptation to an evolving geopolitical landscape and a desire to play a larger role in collective security.